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Monroe is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 20,733 at the 2010 census. It is the largest city and county seat of Monroe County.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The city is bordered on the south by Monroe Charter Township, but both are politically independent. The city is located approximately north of Toledo, Ohio and south of Detroit. The United States Census Bureau lists Monroe as the core city in the Monroe Metropolitan Area, which had a population of 152,021 in 2010.〔Population of Michigan Regions and Statistical Areas, 2000 and 2010, at www.michigan.gov〕 Monroe is officially part of the Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint CSA, and Monroe is also sometimes unofficially included as a northerly extension of the Toledo Metropolitan Area. Settled as early as 1784, Monroe was platted in 1817 and was named after then-President James Monroe. Today, the city is committed to historic preservation of resources; it is remembered for the Battle of Frenchtown during the War of 1812, as well as being the childhood residence of George Armstrong Custer and other members of his family, including his wife Elizabeth Bacon and brother Boston Custer. The city has numerous historic museums and landmarks. Monroe is also the home of the La-Z-Boy world headquarters. The population has declined slightly since its peak in 1970. ==History== Long occupied by varying cultures of indigenous peoples, the area was settled by the historic Potawatomi hundreds of years before the French reached the area in the late seventeenth century. Robert de LaSalle claimed the area for New France after his 1679 expedition on the ''Griffon''. In 1784, after the American Revolutionary War, Francis Navarre of Canada was given a portion of land south of the River Raisin by the Potawatomi. Colonists settled Frenchtown shortly thereafter as the third European community in the state. Around the same time, the Sandy Creek Settlement was established just north of Frenchtown by French-Canadian Joseph Porlier Benec.〔(Monroe, Michigan historical markers )〕 Because of its proximity to Detroit, the area was of strategic importance during the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain, especially after Detroit surrendered to the British in August 1812. American forces en route to retake Detroit had camped in the area of the River Raisin in the winter of 1812-13. A force of 200 Native Americans and 63 Canadian militia were forced to retreat north away from the River Raisin by 600 Kentucky militiamen and 100 French, under the command of James Winchester, on January 18, 1813. This skirmish was later dubbed the 'First Battle of the River Raisin'. But, on January 22, a force of 800 Native Americans and 597 British, under Henry Procter (British Army officer), surprised the force of 1,000 Americans and captured Frenchtown. Many of the American militia were inexperienced, ill-trained, and badly equipped. They suffered 397 killed and 547 captured. The British and their allies suffered slight losses. When the British departed with their captives to Detroit, they left those Americans too wounded to walk in the homes of Frenchtown inhabitants under the guard of a small British detachment and their Native American allies. The morning after the battle, Native Americans returned to Frenchtown. They plundered and burned homes, killing and scalping many of the remaining American captives, and taking others as slaves. The official U.S. estimate of casualties in this aftermath include a dozen named individuals killed and up to 30 more who were likely killed. British estimated six Americans were killed. This event became known throughout the United States as the River Raisin Massacre. This was also known as the Battle of Frenchtown (or the Second Battle of the River Raisin).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History & Culture )〕 Today, the site of the battle is preserved as the recently authorized River Raisin National Battlefield Park. It has a small visitor center.〔(Battlefield Visitor Center )〕 The area of Frenchtown was renamed and incorporated as the village of Monroe in honor of President James Monroe, who visited the Michigan Territory in 1817. In the same year, the city of Monroe was named the county seat of the newly created Monroe County. Monroe was re-incorporated as a city in 1837.〔 Monroe is known as the childhood home of Major General George Armstrong Custer (1839–1876). His family moved here when he was young, and he lived in Monroe for much of his childhood. Here he later met and in 1864 married Elizabeth Bacon (1842–1933), during the Civil War. In 1910, President William Howard Taft and the widowed Elizabeth Bacon unveiled an equestrian statue of Custer (George Armstrong Custer Equestrian Monument) that now stands at the corner of Elm Street and Monroe Street.〔http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9D0DE7DA1530E233A25756C1A9639C946196D6CF History of the Custer statue〕〔http://monroe.lib.mi.us/books_movies_music/special_collections/custer_statue_moved.htm Custer statue moved〕 Custer is also honored in street names, various historic markers, buildings, schools, and the Custer Airport.〔http://mich.gov/documents/Ttf_19117_7.pdf Custer Airport details〕 City limit signs for Monroe describe the city as "the home of General Custer." The famous La-Z-Boy furniture company was founded in Monroe in 1927.〔http://www.la-z-boy.com/about/our_history.aspx La-Z-Boy history〕 Their world headquarters are located in Monroe on Telegraph Road. In 1974, the Monroe Power Plant opened; it is the fourth-largest coal firing plant in North America in the 21st century. At 805 feet (245 m) tall, the dual smokestacks are visible from more than away and are among the tallest structures in the state. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Monroe, Michigan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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